In this episode, Jon is joined by maths advisor, Primary Mastery Specialist and author John Bee, whose new book Teaching Maths for Mastery: Practical Strategies for Primary Schools digs deep into what great maths teaching really looks like.Together they explore variation theory: what it is, what it isn’t, and why it is often misunderstood in primary classrooms. John breaks down the difference between conceptual variation and procedural variation, shares practical examples teachers can use tomorrow, and explains how careful task design can reveal the underlying structure of the mathematics rather than simply repeat the same procedure.This conversation is packed with insights for classroom teachers, maths leads and anyone interested in teaching for mastery, curriculum design or improving pupils’ mathematical understanding.What We CoverWhy variation is one of the most powerful but least understood ideas in the mastery approachThe difference between conceptual and procedural variationWhat teachers should highlight when they ask pupils “What’s the same and what’s different?”Why showing too many representations can tip into variety rather than variationHow careful sequencing helps pupils make connections instead of relying on tricksThe role of intelligent practice in deepening familiarity without mechanical repetitionHow variation links with representations, structure and lesson designCommon pitfalls when using variation in the classroomHow schemes can help (and sometimes hinder) real understandingWhy subject knowledge is crucial when adapting tasks and modellingPractical examples that reveal commutativity, place value structure, decimals and moreAbout Our GuestJohn Bee is a maths adviser for a large Multi Academy Trust, a Primary Mastery Specialist, and the author of Teaching Maths for Mastery. He holds a Master’s degree in Education and runs mrbeeteach.com, where he shares resources, reflections and CPD for teachers and maths leads.Website: mrbeeteach.comBook: Teaching Maths for Mastery (2025)

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