Send us a textStrength adaptations come from morphological effects and neural effects.Morphological effects (mainly muscle growth) are why strength sports have weight classes. Assuming similar training styles, the more muscular athlete usually lifts more.However, neural effects are why world class female lifters are stronger than most men, despite having way less muscle.Neural effects are also why powerlifters aren't good at snatching, and weightlifters aren't good at jiu-jitsu. Neural effects make strength context-specific.Training for Muscle GrowthWhen training for muscle growth, the key ingredient is enough mechanical tension. For most fitness athletes, this means training with:Proximity to failure (0-2 RIR)3-8RMExercise selection specific-enough to primary lifts (supertotal)More sets = more mechanical tension = more muscle growthTraining for Neural EffectsWhen training for neural effects, the key ingredients are high muscle activity and force production. For most fitness athletes, this means training with:Maximal intent to potentiate the nervous systemEnough specificity in the program to master the primary liftsLow enough volume-load to keep neural fatigue lowFewer sets = less neural fatigue = higher muscle activity and force productionWhich should you train for?Effective long term strength development will involve training for both morphological and neural effects. Most athletes should avoid extremes - going all in on one and neglecting the other. Take an approach that addresses both.Elite fitness athletes are really jacked. For most people, being a fitness athlete is going to mean trying to get as muscular as possible without neglecting the other aspects of your training.Very gifted athletes (top 5% in muscle mass) may be able to just train for neural adaptations and keep their muscle mass without dedicated hypertrophy training.Long Term Strength DevelopmentFor beginners, I suggest the following approach to long term strength development:Functional HypertrophyBasic StrengthOlympic Weightlifting SkillStrength and PowerBatteryThis approach front loads:extensive trainingattributes with late peak biological ages and long residualshonoring pre-requisitesFor athletes who want to join this long term approach, I'm designing the first in a series of programs: Offseason Level 1.Offseason training for beginner and intermediate fitness athletesFoundational strength training, conditioning and skill acquisitionTraining PrioritiesBasic Strength and Functional HypertrophyOlympic Weightlifting SkillGymnastic StrengthEssential MobilityAerobic Endurance and PacingTap here to join the waitlist: https://paul-b-weber.kit.com/105c01429dNotesMorphological EffectsMuscle hypertrophyFast-twitch fiber adaptation - shift to Type IIAIncreased bone densityIncreased tendon strength and stiffnessNeural EffectsIncreased motor unit recruitmentIncreased firing rate (rate coding)Improved motor unit synchronizationReduced antagonist muscle activationEnhanced intermuscular coordinationDisinhibition of inhibitory mechanisms

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