Charles Barkla realized how electrons arrange themselves in shells around atoms. Gilbert Lewis noted how electrons can pair up and form bonds, without (much) regard for willingness to give up or accept other electrons to complete shells. We discuss polarity of molecules. Irving Langmuir promoted and expanded Lewis's ideas, adding that atoms like to form octets. Finally, we discuss various models of acidity and basicity.Support the show Support my podcast at https://www.patreon.com/thehistoryofchemistry Tell me how your life relates to chemistry! E-mail me at [email protected] Get my book, O Mg! How Chemistry Came to Be, from World Scientific Publishing, https://www.worldscientific.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/12670#t=aboutBook

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