The IUPAC naming convention (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) is a systematic method for naming chemical compounds to ensure consistency and clarity worldwide. Here is an overview of the rules and guidelines for naming organic compounds:IUPAC Naming Procedure1. Identify the Longest Carbon Chain (Parent Chain)Choose the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms as the parent chain.If multiple chains have the same length, select the chain with the greatest number of substituents attached.2. Number the Carbon ChainThe carbon numbered 1 will be the one closest to the highest-priority functional groupIf the functional groups have the same priority, numbering the chain should make the numbers of the substituted carbons as low as possibleThe more oxidized the carbon is, the higher its priority in the moleculeOxidation states increases with more bonds to heteroatoms (atoms besides carbon and hydrogen, like oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorous, or halogens) and decreases with more bonds to hydrogenRings are also numbered starting at the point of greatest substitution, and continues in the direction that gives the lowest numbest to the highest-priority function groupsDouble bond takes precedence over a triple bond if there is a tie in priority 3. Identify and Name SubstituentsTo clarify, substituents are functional groups that aren’t part of the parent chainName substituents (side chains) as prefixes.Common substituents include:Alkyl groups (e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl).Halogens (e.g., fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo).For multiple identical substituents, use prefixes such as di-, tri-, tetra-.Carbon chain substituents are names like alkanes,with the suffix -yl replacing -ane. The prefix n- indicates that  the alkane is normale (straight chain)4. Assign Locants to SubstituentsIndicate the position of each substituent using the corresponding carbon number in the parent chain.Multiple substituents of the same type will get di-, tri, and tetra- prefixesSeparate numbers from each other with commas and separate numbers from letters with hyphens.5. Assemble the NameSubstituents are listed alphabetically, ignoring prefixes like di-, tri-, and tetra- (but not iso- or neo-).Combine the substituents, parent chain name, and functional group (if any).Numbers are separated with each other with commas, anf from words with hyphensWe end the name with the backbone chain, including the suffix for the functional group of highest priority6. Include Functional GroupsIUPAC Functional Group Priority TablePriority | Functional Group  | Suffix                 | Prefix1             | Carboxylic acid     | -oic acid             | Carboxy-2            | Anhydride               | -oic anhydride | —3            | Ester                         | -oate                  | Alkoxycarbonyl-4            | Acid halide             | -oyl halide         | Halocarbonyl-5&

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