IMPLANTSBest material is Titanium, because its biocompatiblePrinciple of implant — osseointegrationBone selection : best bone – D2D1 –          o DENSE CORTICAL BONED2 – best          o DENSE TO POROUS CORTICAL BONE SURROUNDING DENSE TRABACULAR BONE          o ANTERIOR MANDIBLE- BEST SITE FOR IMPLANTSD3          o THIN POROUS CORTICAL BONE SURROUNDING FINE TRABACULAR BONED4 – worst (least preferred) [only cancellous bone]          o FINE TRABACULAR BONE          o POSTERIOR MAXILLA – highest failure rateBest site for implant – mandibular anteriorsPoor site for implant – maxillary posteriorMinimum distance from tooth – 1.5 mmMinimum distance between 2 implants – 3 mmStd diameter of implant – 3.5mm(if not given in Q)Minimum space needed to place implant = 1.5+3.5+1.5 m= 6.5 mm          o (length of edentulous span)Most commonly used implant = endosteal implantSpace required to place two implants b/w two teethSPACE NEEDED= 1.5+3.5+3+3.5+1.5 = 13 mmContra indicated in HIVRecommeded no. of implants for edentulous          o Maxillary — 6          o Mandibular – 4Minimum implants          o Maxillary – 4          o Mandibular — 2IMPLANT ABUTMENTa) Screw retained abutment    a. Indicated in inter occlusal distance less than 7 mmb) Cement retained abutment    a. Indicated in proclined maxillary anteriorsComplication – most common – Peri implantitisMost common complication intra operatively – body of implant fractureYearly checkup – scaling and examination of implant surface should be done by plastictipped instrumentsBone loss around the implant in 1st year is about 1 mmBone loss yearly after that is 0.2mmSuccess of properly placed implant is 95 %1. QN Most place of failure in posterior max(27 -best place for sucess implant in anteriormandible. -min.2. QN Failure in mandible between mental foramen.3. QN The best type of implant allowing osteointegration root form endosseous.4. QN Rarefaction: decreased density of bone such as a decrease in weight per unit of volume.5. QN-Areas denuded from bone.

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