This episode tells the story of Gregor Mendel, the humble Augustinian monk whose quiet experiments in a monastery garden laid the foundation for modern genetics. Between 1856 and 1863, Mendel crossbred over 28,000 pea plants, meticulously tracking traits like flower color and seed shape. From these observations, he discovered that traits are passed down in discrete units—now known as genes—and formulated the Laws of Inheritance, including dominance, segregation, and independent assortment. Although he published his findings in 1866, his work was ignored during his lifetime, dismissed for being too mathematical and unconventional. Mendel died without recognition in 1884. Only decades later, in 1900, his research was rediscovered by multiple scientists, finally earning him the title “Father of Modern Genetics.” Today, his principles are fundamental to medicine, agriculture, biotechnology, and genetic research, proving that even the most revolutionary discoveries can begin in the most humble places.

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