The podcast was a brief overview of mechanisms that facilitate lung repair during ARDS to resume normal lung function. These included cells and their secreted products such as, Tregs, Macrophages, and Neutrophils, pro-resolving lipid mediators, and cytokines (IL-10, Tgf-b), along with active processes, such as efferocytosis and changes in immunometabolism. We discussed defining ARDS, factors that contribute to lung resolution, and ended with potential therapeutic options for actively promoting repair along with dampening the inflammatory response. Moderators: Filiz T. Korkmaz, PhD, Assistant Professor, University of IowaHong Yong Peh, PhD, Research Assistant Professor, National University of Singapore Discussants: Bruce D. Levy, M.D., M.Sc.(Hon.), Hersey Professor of the Theory and Practice of Physic, Harvard Medical School, Executive Vice-Chair, Mass General Brigham, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s HospitalKymberly Gowdy, PhD, Associate Professor, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Benjamin Singer, MD, Vice Chair for Research, Department of Medicine, Lawrence Hicks Professor of Pulmonary Medicine, Associate Professor, Medicine (Pulmonary and Critical Care), Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics00:00 — Introduction & Topic Overview01:30 — Defining ARDS: Clinical vs Mechanistic Perspectives05:30 — Resolution vs Recovery vs Repair08:30 — Pro-Inflammatory Mediators & Neutrophil Biology13:30 — Pro-Resolving Pathways & Specialized Lipid Mediators19:55 — Regulatory T Cells, IL-10, and Efferocytosis22:30 — Macrophage Plasticity and the Limits of the M1/M2 Paradigm27:30 — Pro-Inflammation and Pro-Resolution Occur in Parallel33:30 — Aging, Immune Dysfunction, and Impaired Resolution39:30 — Knowledge Gaps and Future Therapeutic Directions in ARDS

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