We start today in the aftermath of the murder of the 9th Great Mongol Khan and the 5th Emperor of Yuan. We end a decade later, at the beginning of the 15th Great Khan and 11th Yuan Emperor... coincidentally (or not) the last of both. The treachery, assassinations, wars, and power-plays that get us from that start to that end will threaten to split the very soul of the empire in two. Also, there's a lot of Temürs along the way... like, a *lot,* a lot!

Time Period Covered:
1323-1333 CE

Major Events:
* Coup at Nanpo [Sept. 4, 1323] - Outcome: assassination of Shidebala Khaghan, accession of Yesün Temür Khaghan
* War of the Two Capitals [Aug. 1328-Nov. 14, 1328 (sporadic resistance thru 1332)] - Outcome: Khaishan Restorationist victory/ Shangdu Loyalist defeat, overthrow of Aragibagh & enthronement of Jayaatu Khaghan
* Incident at Ongghochatu [Aug. 26-30, 1329] - Outcome: assassination of Khoshila, restoration of Togh Temur Khaghan to the throne

Relevant Historical Figures:
Great Yuan:
Shidebala (Gegeen Khaghan/Yuan Yingzong) [r. 1320-1323]
Yesün Temür (Khaghan/Yuan Taiding) [r. 1323-1328]
Aragibagh (Khaghan/Yuan Tianshun) [r. Oct.-Nov. 1328]
Togh Temür (Jayaatu Khaghan/Yuan Wenzong) [r. Oct. 1328-Apr. 1329, Sept. 1329- Sept. 1332]
Khoshila (Khutughtu Khaghan/Yuan Mingzong) [r. Feb. 1329-Aug. 1329]
Rinchinbal (Khaghan/Yuan Ningzong) [r. Oct. 29, 1332-Dec. 14, 1332]
Toghon Temür (Ukhaghatu Khaghan/Yuan Huizong) [r. 1333-1368]
Empress Budashiri [1307-1340]
Crown Prince Aradnadara [d. 1330]
Prince El Tegüs [c. 1329-c. 1340]
Daula-shah, Grand Councilor of the Right [d. 1228]
El Temür, General & Grand Councillor of the Right [d. 1333]
Bayan of the Merkids, General & Grand Councillor of the Left [d. 1340]

Chagatai Khanate:
Esen Bukha I, Khan [r. 1310-1318]
Eljigidey Khan [r. 1326-1329]

Golden Horde:
Öz Beg Khan [r. 1313-1341]

Ilkhanate:
Abu Sa'id (Bahadur Khan) [r. 1316-1335]

Major Works Cited:
Atwood, Christopher P. (2004) Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire.
Dardess, John. (1973). Conquerors and Confucians: Aspects of Political Change in Late Yüan China.
Hsiao, Ch'i-ch'ing. (1978). "Mid-Yuan Politics" in The Cambridge History of China, vol. 6: Alien Regimes and Border States, 907-1368.
Robinson, David M. (2009). Empire’s Twilight: Northeast Asia under the Mongols.

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