In this episode we unpack dual process theory (DPT) — the idea that human thinking runs on two interacting modes: fast, automatic intuition (System 1) and slow, effortful reasoning (System 2). Hosts explore the classic bat-and-ball example, boundary conditions where the model breaks down (expertise and emotion/pressure), and the neuroscience showing different but interacting brain networks. They discuss signal detection theory and the speed-accuracy tradeoff, how stress and emotion shift decision criteria, and real-world implications for fields like medicine and aviation. The episode closes with a practical "Cognitive Gearbox" exercise (breathe, reframe, commit/iterate) to help listeners pause and choose the right thinking gear under pressure.

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