This chapter from Outdoor Emergency Care: A Patroller's Guide to Medical Care (6th edition) outlines a comprehensive educational module on shock for Outdoor Emergency Care (OEC) Technicians. The document emphasizes defining shock as inadequate perfusion, or blood flow, to the cells, which leads to insufficient oxygen delivery. It details the three primary causes of shock: pump failure (heart), blood vessel dysfunction, and low fluid volume, and further elaborates on four major types: hypovolemic, cardiogenic, distributive, and obstructive shock. Crucially, the plan distinguishes between compensated and decompensated shock, highlighting the body's initial ability to mask serious conditions and the rapid, often irreversible, deterioration in later stages, underscoring the importance of early recognition and management of classic signs and symptoms like tachycardia and pale skin.

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