This episode delves into G.W.F. Hegel's monumental Elements of the Philosophy of Right, exploring his distinct and often challenging conception of freedom. We examine how Hegel’s communitarian perspective, which emphasizes the state over the individual, contrasts sharply with the classic social contract theories of Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau. Discover how Hegel’s philosophy shapes understanding of persons, property, punishment, civil society, and the state.Works CitedAmeriks, Karl, editor. The Cambridge Companion to German Idealism. Cambridge University Press, 2000.Azike, Gerald Chibueze. "BETWEEN CLASSIC SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY AND HEGELIAN STATE: A CASE FOR FREEDOM’S BROADER CONCEPTION." University of Memphis Digital Commons, 2025, digitalcommons.memphis.edu/etd/3805.Beiser, Frederick C., editor. The Cambridge Companion to Hegel and Nineteenth-Century Philosophy. Cambridge University Press, 2008.Beiser, Frederick C. Hegel. Routledge, 2005."Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right." Wikipedia, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critique_of_Hegel%27s_Philosophy_of_Right.Dudley, Will. Understanding German Idealism. Acumen, 2007."Epistemic difference between Kant and Hegel." Reddit, reddit.com/r/askphilosophy/comments/1dl5671/epistemic_difference_between_kant_and_hegel/.Fox-Williams, Jack. "Hegel’s Understanding of History." Philosophy Now, no. 140, 2020.Fulford, Robert. "Robert Fulford's review of Hegel: A Biography, by Terry Pinkard." robertfulford.com, robertfulford.com/PinkardHegel.html.Gelžinytė, Brigita. "Fichte’s Critique in Early Schelling and Hegel, or a Moment of Dead and Lost God that has to Remain but a Moment." Lo Sguardo - rivista di filosofia, no. 30, 2020."German idealism." Wikipedia, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_idealism.Gordon, David. "Hegel’s Very Odd Definition of Freedom." Mises Wire, 24 Jan. 2020, mises.org/wire/hegels-very-odd-definition-freedom.Gros, Simon. "Between Kant & Hegel: Texts in the Development of Post-Kantian Idealism." 29 Mar. 2025, simongros.wordpress.com/2025/03/29/between-kant-hegel-texts-in-the-development-of-post-kantian-idealism/.Harris, H.S. "Hegel's intellectual development to 1807." The Cambridge Companion to Hegel, edited by Frederick C. Beiser, Cambridge University Press, 1993, pp. 25-51."Hegel's Fact of Reason: Life and Death in the Experience of Freedom [Special Issue]." Argumenta, argumenta.arg.unito.it/issue/2/.Hegel, G.W.F. Elements of the Philosophy of Right. Edited by Allen W. Wood, Translated by H. B. Nisbet, Cambridge University Press, 1991.---. Philosophy of Right. Translated by S.W. Dyde, Queen’s University, 1896."Hegel's Life and Historical Context." By Outis. LICENTIA POETICA, 24 Nov. 2024, medium.com/@licentiapoetica/hegels-life-and-historical-context-21e1a53c613e."Hegel's Philosophy of Right." Reddit, reddit.com/r/askphilosophy/comments/1dl70p3/hegels_philosophy_of_right/."Hegel: Social and Political Thought." Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, iep.utm.edu/hegel-pol/.Knowles, Dudley. Hegel and the Philosophy of Right. Routledge, 2002.O'Connor, Patricia, and Jonathan Mohr. German Idealism: An Anthology and Guide. University of Chicago Press, 2007.Pinkard, Terry. Hegel: A Biography. Cambridge University Press, 2000.Ritter, Joachim. "Person and Property in Hegel's Philosophy of Right (§§34–81)." Hegel on Ethics and Politics, edited by Robert B. Pippin and Otfried Höffe, translated by Nicholas Walker, Cambridge University Press, 2004, pp. 101-123.Siep, Ludwig. "The contemporary relevance of Hegel's practical philosophy." Hegel, edited by Katerina Deligiorgi, Cambridge University Press, 2013."The Impact of Idealism." University of Cambridge, 6 Sep. 2012, cam.ac.uk/stories/the-impact-of-idealism.Vieweg, Klaus. "Hegel’s Sicilian Defence: Beyond Realism and Constructivism." The Idealism of Freedom. Brill, pp. 13–22.reddit.com/r/askphilosophy/comments/1dli5i2/why_did_19th_century_germans_read_hegel_what_were/.

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