Costello, T. H., Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. G. (2024). Durably reducing conspiracy beliefs through dialogues with AI. Science, 385(6714), eadq1814. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adq1814

This research explores the effectiveness of using AI-powered dialogues to reduce belief in conspiracy theories. Researchers engaged over 2000 participants in conversations with GPT-4, an AI model, designed to refute specific evidence cited for their chosen conspiracy theories. The results showed a significant and lasting reduction in conspiracy belief, even among those with strongly held convictions. This reduction generalized to unrelated conspiracies and impacted related behaviours. The study suggests that compelling evidence, delivered effectively, can significantly alter deeply rooted beliefs, challenging existing theories about the immutability of conspiratorial thinking and highlighting the potential benefits—and risks—of using AI for persuasion.
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