Continues the solemn covenant scene. Abram prepares the animals as God instructed, cutting them in half and laying them opposite each other, but he does not divide the birds. As he waits, birds of prey swoop down, and Abram drives them away, hinting at the struggles his descendants will face before the promise is fulfilled. Abram then falls into a deep, heavy sleep, and God reveals to him what lies ahead: his descendants will be strangers in a foreign land, enslaved and oppressed for 400 years, but God will ultimately bring them out with great possessions and justice against their oppressors. God also assures Abram that he himself will die in peace at a good old age, resting long before these hardships come to his family.In short: these verses shift God’s promise from pure hope to a sobering prophecy. Yes, Abram’s descendants will flourish, but the road there includes hardship, waiting, and deliverance. It’s a reminder that God’s promises are certain, but often unfold through trials. Abram is comforted with peace for his own life, while his children’s future becomes a testimony to God’s power to redeem even through struggle.

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