Hello everyone! This is Teacher Carol Pinho and this is our new episode of Carol Tips!

Today, here is the Second Episode about Present Perfect. The last two episodes were about Simple Past and Present Perfect as well. It would be interesting if you studied those ones first. In case you haven’t done it yet, I will leave the links at the end of the tapescript for you! 

As we saw it, Simple Past is used to talk about things that happened in the past, but the period must be SPECIFIC and OVER.
Regarding Present Perfect, it is used to talk about events that occured in the past, but when the PERIOD IS NOT SPECIFIC or when the PERIOD IS NOT OVER. 
We also use Present Perfect when we talk about NOT SPECIFIC TIME IN THE PAST, it means that we talk about an action that happened at some point in the past, but we don’t inform when.

Today we will talk about the KEY WORDS that can be used with Present Perfect. They are special words that add some new idea or meaning to the sentences.

EVER

Ever is usually used in questions, when we ask people about their life experiences. For example:
Have you ever traveled abroad? (I mean, anytime in your life?)
Have you ever eaten Thai food?
Has your mom ever been to Italy?

NEVER

Used to talk about the absence of expeciente. 

I have never climbed a mountain (Note that we don’t say = I haven’t ever climbed a mountain.

My mom has never spoken English.

JUST

It indicates situations which occurred in a very recent time in the past. For instance:

I arrived home at 5:00p.m. My mom called me at 5:10. In this situation, I could tell her: I have just arrived home from work.

other examples:

I will eat dessert later. I have just eaten half a pizza.

I am so happy! My brother has just told me he will be a father!

ALREADY

Used to talk about things that were done before the expected time

For example: It is 9:00a.m., but I have already cooked lunch for today.

My husband has already left for work. Normally he goes later.

We can also use ALREADY in questions, like:

Have you already done your homework?


And finally

YET…

In the end of affirmative questions, it is equal ALREADY…. so we can say

Have you already finished your lunch?
or
Have you finished your lunch yet?

but…. in the end of negative sentences, it means the opposite, that something is late, or not accomplished within the expected time….

I haven’t recorded the episode yet.

She hasn’t arrived from school yet.


That 's it! Hope you liked it. Remember to follow us on Instagram. Search for @carolpinhoefl. We are also on Youtube. See you on our next Carol Tips!

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