We discuss social identity theory and its applications in understanding intergroup conflict and peacebuilding. They examine how social categorisation, group membership, and identity management strategies influence intergroup relations, focusing on various contexts including religious communities, political movements, and national identities. We analyse how power relations, ideology, and historical factors shape identity formation and its impact on conflict and cooperation. Furthermore, the sources discuss the potential of social identity theory to inform interventions promoting peace and social change, particularly in diverse and complex societies. Several case studies illustrate the practical implications of the theory.

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