2026 TOK Essay Title 1: In the production of knowledge, does it matter that observation is an essential but flawed tool? Discuss with reference to the natural sciences and one other area of knowledge. The premise of the 2026 TOK Essay Title 1—that observation, the bedrock of science, is also inherently flawed—demanded a rigorous inquiry. To understand the stakes, I sat down with a science expert to challenge the maxim, 'seeing 'is believing.' Our discussion was a deep dive into the mechanisms of scientific knowledge: how the very act of observation is shaped by the techniques and tools we use; what the true nature of these perceptual flaws is; and the intricate methods developed to 'correct' for human and technical bias. This conversation reveals why this foundational vulnerability is not a weakness to be hidden, but a critical, defining characteristic of the natural sciences.

Guest: Dr. Simon Griffin
Music: Rhea Ng and Delphine Wu, Feb 2025

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