Por: Kiran Kumari

Hindu Life in Sindh: A Historical and Cultural OverviewSindh, located in modern-day Pakistan, has been home to a vibrant Hindu community for centuries. Before the partition of India in 1947, Hindus were an integral part of Sindh's social, cultural, and economic fabric. Although the Hindu population in the region has diminished over the years, particularly following partition, the community continues to maintain its religious and cultural identity.### Historical BackgroundHinduism has ancient roots in Sindh, with evidence dating back to the Indus Valley Civilization, one of the world's earliest urban societies. The cities of Mohenjo-daro and Harappa, situated in Sindh, exhibit signs of early religious practices that may have influenced later Hinduism. Over the centuries, Hindu dynasties, such as the Hindu Shahis and Rajputs, ruled parts of Sindh, promoting Hindu culture and traditions.In the 8th century, the region came under the control of the Umayyad Caliphate after the invasion of Muhammad bin Qasim. This marked the beginning of Islamic influence in Sindh, though Hinduism continued to be practiced in the region, often coexisting with Islamic traditions. Sindh remained a predominantly Hindu region until the spread of Islam during the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire.Despite this, Hinduism remained resilient, with Sindhi Hindus adapting to the political changes while preserving their religious customs and practices.### Hindu Communities in SindhToday, Hindus constitute a small minority in Sindh, with the largest populations in urban centers like Karachi, Hyderabad, Sukkur, and Mirpurkhas. The community is primarily composed of Sindhi Hindus, who speak the Sindhi language, and is further divided into various sects, such as Shaivites (worshippers of Lord Shiva) and Vaishnavites (followers of Lord Vishnu, particularly in his incarnation as Krishna). The Sindhi Hindu community is diverse, with members practicing a variety of religious rituals and worshiping both regional deities and national gods.

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