This research explores the genomic adaptations of bats, focusing on their unique immune systems and viral reservoirs. The study sequenced and analyzed the genomes of ten bat species to construct a comprehensive phylogeny. Researchers investigated genes under positive selection, especially those related to immune functions, finding that bats exhibit a high prevalence of immune-related gene selection. Further analysis focused on ISG15, an interferon-stimulated gene, examining its structure, function, and antiviral activity in different bat species. Experiments revealed species-specific variations in ISG15's ability to form dimers and combat viral infections like SARS-CoV-2. The findings contribute to understanding bat immunity and its implications for zoonotic disease transmission.

Source: Morales, A.E., Dong, Y., Brown, T. et al. Bat genomes illuminate adaptations to viral tolerance and disease resistance. Nature (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08471-0

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