The sources provide an extensive overview of the pioneering work and legacies of two foundational primatologists, Jane Goodall and Dian Fossey, whose research dramatically altered the understanding of great apes. The first source details Goodall’s unconventional path, her key discoveries of chimpanzee tool use and complex social structures in Tanzania, and her subsequent shift into global conservation and advocacy through the Jane Goodall Institute. The second source focuses on Fossey’s dedication to mountain gorillas in Rwanda, detailing her unique habituation methods, which revealed their gentle nature, and her intense anti-poaching efforts that laid the groundwork for their protection despite her controversial methods and unsolved murder. Both women, encouraged by Louis Leakey, fundamentally transformed primatology by conducting long-term field studies that humanized apes and spurred worldwide conservation movements.

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